pg28 Topic 5 - Drop offs - Why Higher level Laws not derivable from lower level laws. (part 1 of 4)

Every object is a concept

As mentioned earlier, every object is a concept in the universe.  For example, the atoms in a molecule are not staying the same all the time.  When we say this is a glucose molecule, we actually mean the molecular structure of glucose, regardless of whether its constituent atoms, or electrons, remain exactly the same all the time or are swapped with neighboring like atoms or electrons. 

This phenomenon happens all the time at different levels of objects.  An atom may have its constituent electrons swapped (dropped off and replaced) from time to time.  In macroscopic scale, a 200 year old company may have its employees changed many, many times, but it’s still the same company.  A nation could be thousands of years old, with its people changed numerous times.  Drop-off need not happen at high percentage rate, but it does happen at all levels of structures. 

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